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Japanese scientist Kenso Soai was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry on Oct. 7 along with France\u2019s Henri B. Kagan \u201cfor the discovery of non-linear effects and autocatalysis in asymmetric organic synthesis.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The two chemists were credited for discoveries that drove homo\u00adchirality \u2014 a state in which only one of two nonidentical mirror-image forms of molecules is formed \u2014 the Nobel Committee said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Two such mirrored variants, like left and right hands, occur in chemical reactions, but in life\u2019s chemistry, only one of them is found in the proteins in the body\u2019s cells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The discoveries have helped chemists develop new pharmaceuticals. Chemists long strived to produce only one of these mirror images, because, in the development of molecules that will interact with living things such as pharmaceuticals, only one mirror image has the desired therapeutic effect while the other is unnecessary and could even have side effects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kagan took the first decisive step in 1986, when he discovered a new way of manipulating chemical reactions, creating a greater excess of one of the mirror images than had previously been thought possible, the committee said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Soai then took the next step, publishing a paper in 1995 on the design of the first-ever chemical reaction that had the potential to be homochiral; in 2003, he succeeded in creating the reaction.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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